Which term means "on the same side"?

The term that means "on the same side" is "ipsilateral." This term is often used in anatomy and medical contexts to describe structures or conditions that occur on the same side of the body. For example, if a patient has pain in the left arm and the left leg is also assessed, the pain might be described as ipsilateral to the left side of the body.

Contralateral refers to structures or conditions that are on the opposite side of the body, which is important in contrasting the effects of injuries or diseases that may affect different sides. Superior denotes the position of being above or higher than another body part, while lateral refers to the side of the body but does not specify whether it indicates the same side or opposite side. Hence, "ipsilateral" specifically captures the essence of being on the same side, making it the accurate choice.